The National Bureau of Investigation (NBI) is looking into the possibility that Philippine Offshore Gaming Operator (POGO) hubs are being used for espionage by Chinese nationals. According to local media reports, NBI Director Jaime Santiago stated that investigations are underway, particularly in Cebu, where a former POGO hub was raided in September 2024. The hub’s proximity to the Naval Forces Central (Navforcen) has raised concerns that it may have been used to monitor military activities.
Authorities have not disclosed specific details of the investigation, but Santiago confirmed that regional offices are actively gathering intelligence. The NBI is also working with the Intelligence Service of the Armed Forces of the Philippines (ISAFP) to assess potential security threats. The discovery of unidentified floating equipment in the province of Bohol and multiple submersible drones found across the country has added to suspicions of foreign surveillance activities.
Despite the official ban on POGOs, authorities continue to monitor locations suspected of engaging in illegal offshore gaming and other unlawful activities. Santiago assured the public that NBI operatives remain vigilant in Cebu and other regions to prevent any resurgence of POGO-related operations.
While Santiago did not specify other locations under surveillance, he reaffirmed that the NBI is tracking individuals and establishments linked to illegal operations. The closure of POGOs was ordered by President Ferdinand Marcos Jr., who revoked all licences and mandated that all such operations cease by 31 December 2024.
The focus on POGOs has intensified following reports that some of these hubs may be linked to intelligence-gathering efforts by foreign actors. The issue has gained traction after the recent arrest of individuals allegedly involved in espionage activities and the sentencing of Alice Guo, known as the ‘POGO mayor,’ who reportedly concealed her Chinese heritage.
Authorities are particularly concerned that former POGO operations may have shifted to other illicit activities, such as human trafficking and financial scams. The possibility that these hubs could be exploited for foreign intelligence efforts adds another layer of urgency to ongoing investigations.
As enforcement agencies continue their crackdown, they are also working to dismantle remnants of the offshore gaming industry, which once flourished in the Philippines but has since been outlawed. Philippine authorities said they are determined to eliminate illegal operations and address any security risks posed by individuals or groups attempting to use POGO hubs for purposes beyond gambling.
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